The researchers study a one-dimensional spin quantum breakdown model, which has an exponential U(1) symmetry with charge unit decaying as 2^(-j) with site position j. The model with spin S ≥ 2 exhibits an exponential U(1) spontaneous symmetry-breaking (SSB) phase, dubbed a quantum breakdown condensate, behaving as a disorder-free quantum glass.
Exponential Symmetry Creates a ‘Disorder-Free Quantum Glass
The researchers study a one-dimensional spin quantum breakdown model, which has an exponential U(1) symmetry with charge unit decaying as 2^(-j) with site position j. The model with spin S ≥ 2 exhibits an exponential U(1) spontaneous symmetry-breaking (SSB) phase, dubbed a quantum breakdown condensate, behaving as a disorder-free quantum glass.